Precision spinning process of antibacterial polyester yarn: transformation from melt to high-performance fiber

The production process of antibacterial polyester yarn is complex and delicate. From the selection and proportion of raw materials to melt spinning and post-processing, each step is crucial. Among them, the spinning process is the bridge between the raw materials and the final product. It converts the melt into continuous fiber filaments, providing a basis for subsequent processing and application. In the spinning process, the cooling and solidification of the melt is a key step, which directly determines the structure and performance of the fiber.

After the preliminary mixing, melting and filtering, the melt is now in a suitable temperature and pressure state and is ready to enter the spinning manifold. The spinning manifold is the core component in the spinning process, and its internal structural design directly affects the formation and quality of the fiber. The melt is precisely controlled in the spinning manifold and passes through the spinning nozzle at a constant pressure and flow rate.

The spinning nozzle is a key component in the spinning process, and its design is directly related to the diameter, shape and uniformity of the fiber. The structure inside the nozzle is precisely processed to ensure that the melt can form continuous and uniform fiber filaments when it flows out. At the same time, the material and surface treatment of the nozzle are also important factors affecting the quality of the fiber, and must have good heat resistance, corrosion resistance and wear resistance.

When the melt is ejected through the spinning nozzle, it immediately enters the ring blowing cooling zone. Ring blowing is an efficient and uniform cooling method. It ensures that the melt fiber is quickly solidified during the cooling process to form a stable fiber structure by adjusting the wind temperature, wind speed and wind direction. The temperature, speed and angle of the ring blowing are carefully designed to meet the cooling needs of different fiber materials.

Temperature control: The temperature of the ring blowing directly affects the cooling speed and solidification degree of the fiber. Too high a temperature may cause the fiber surface to be overcooled and form a cortex, while the inside is still not fully solidified; too low a temperature may cause the fiber to cool too quickly, produce internal stress, and affect the strength and toughness of the fiber. Therefore, it is very important to choose the appropriate ring blowing temperature.
Speed ​​regulation: The speed of the ring blowing determines the uniformity and efficiency of the fiber cooling. Too fast a speed may cause uneven cooling of the fiber, resulting in ripples or bending; too slow a speed may extend the cooling time and increase production costs. Therefore, according to the characteristics of the fiber material and production requirements, it is key to reasonably adjust the speed of the ring blowing.
Angle design: The angle of the ring blowing is of great significance to the cooling effect and shape control of the fiber. Reasonable angle design can ensure that the fiber is subjected to uniform cooling force during the cooling process to avoid deflection or distortion. At the same time, the fine adjustment of the angle can also be used to adjust the orientation and crystallinity of the fiber, thereby optimizing the physical properties of the fiber.
Fiber performance after cooling and solidification
The fiber after ring blowing cooling and solidification has a more stable structure and better performance. The diameter, shape and uniformity of the fiber are significantly improved, and the strength, toughness and wear resistance are also enhanced. In addition, the cortical structure formed during the cooling and solidification process helps to improve the tensile and tear resistance of the fiber, making it more suitable for various high-strength and high-wear-resistant application scenarios.

After spinning, the obtained fiber needs to undergo a series of post-processing processes to further optimize its performance and application effect. These post-processing processes include winding, bundling, stretching, heat setting, etc.
Winding: Collect the continuous fiber into bundles to facilitate subsequent processing. During the winding process, the tension needs to be controlled to avoid deformation of the fiber due to excessive stretching or relaxation.
Bunching: Multiple fiber bundles are combined into one to improve the strength and uniformity of the fiber. The close contact and uniform distribution between the fibers need to be ensured during the bundling process.
Stretching: Through mechanical stretching, the molecular chains of the fiber are oriented along the axial direction, thereby improving the strength and elasticity of the fiber. During the stretching process, the stretching ratio and stretching speed need to be controlled to avoid fiber breakage or excessive deformation.
Heat setting: Heat treatment of the fiber at a specific temperature and tension to fix its shape and size. The appropriate temperature and time need to be selected during the heat setting process to ensure the stability and durability of the fiber.
After these post-processing processes, the performance of the antibacterial polyester yarn is further optimized, which not only retains the original wear resistance, quick drying, and wrinkle resistance of the polyester fiber, but also gives it an efficient antibacterial function. This makes the antibacterial polyester yarn have a wide range of application prospects in many fields such as medical care, hygiene, sports, and home furnishing.

Antibacterial polyester yarn has shown broad application prospects in many fields with its unique antibacterial properties and excellent physical properties. In the medical field, medical supplies such as surgical gowns, masks, bandages, etc. made of antibacterial polyester yarn can effectively reduce the risk of cross infection and protect the safety of medical staff and patients. In the field of hygiene, antibacterial polyester yarn can be used to make cleaning supplies such as disinfectant towels and wipes, providing strong support for the hygiene and cleaning of homes and public places. In the field of sports, sportswear, underwear, etc. made of antibacterial polyester yarn can effectively inhibit bacterial growth, keep clothes dry, and improve the comfort and health of wearing.

With the advancement of technology and the continuous changes in consumer demand, the application field of antibacterial polyester yarn will continue to expand. In the future, we can expect to see more innovative antibacterial polyester yarn products, such as smart textiles, environmentally friendly textiles, etc., to bring more convenience and comfort to people's lives. At the same time, with the continuous optimization and upgrading of the spinning process, the performance of antibacterial polyester yarn will be further improved, providing more high-quality and efficient solutions for various fields.