The Basics of Polyester Yarn

Polyester yarn is a popular choice for knitting and crochet projects. It is durable, easy to care for, and available in a wide range of colors. Polyester is also a versatile material and can be mixed with natural fibers to create a variety of yarn types and styles. However, it is important to understand the characteristics of polyester yarn before selecting a pattern or choosing a color.

Like all man-made fibers, polyester is made from polymers. The base of polyester is a type of plastic called polyethylene, which comes from the petroleum industry. The process for producing polyester yarn is the same as for acrylic yarn, and the result is similar - long threads of synthetic filaments that can be used to make fabrics and yarns. There are several ways to modify the production process, including adjusting the diameter of the holes in the spinneret and altering the source of the ethylene (for example, using sugarcane rather than petroleum).

In addition to modifying the base, polyester yarn can also be produced from recycled materials. Some brands of polyester yarn are made from reclaimed plastic bottles, which helps reduce waste and encourages recycling. Other forms of recycled polyester include old garments and carpeting. Generally speaking, recycled polyester yarn is not as soft as newer, high-end, virgin polyester.

Another way to modify the polyester production process is to stretch or crimp the fibers, which changes their hand and strength. This can also affect elasticity and dye-ability. The crimping can also give the fiber a more rough texture, which will change its heat and cold insulation properties.

After the raw polyester filament is created, it is either twisted or air-entangled to create the polyester yarn. The number of strands that are twisted together to form the finished yarn is referred to as the denier, and this determines its strength and durability. A 2-ply yarn consists of two strands twisted together, while a 4-ply is four strands twisted together. Some of the most common applications for polyester yarn include circular and warp knitting, woven fabrics, cords and ropes, elastics and industrial applications. It is also commonly used in the manufacture of hosiery, sportswear and household textiles.

When it comes to caring for polyester yarn, the most important thing is to wash it gently. Use cool water and a mild detergent, and rinse thoroughly before allowing the yarn to dry completely. In most cases, polyester will not pill as a result of this treatment. This makes it a great choice for items that will be frequently washed, such as blankets and throws. When machine washing, avoid the agitation cycle or high-speed setting, as this can cause yarn to break. If you prefer to hand wash your items, soak them in cool water with a mild detergent for 10-15 minutes before rinsing thoroughly and laying flat to dry. This will help ensure that your wool, cotton, or other natural fibers don't get contaminated by the polyester.